Taking Depo-Provera® for more than 2 years can lead to decreased bone density, which may not fully recover after stopping the injection. The FDA recommends limiting use to 2 years unless other birth control options are inadequate, as prolonged use increases the risk of osteoporosis and fractures later in life.
What is the Depo-Provera® shot?
Depo-Provera® is a birth control injection that contains the hormone medroxyprogesterone acetate. Each shot prevents pregnancy for about 3 months by stopping ovulation, thickening cervical mucus, and thinning the uterine lining. When used correctly, Depo-Provera® is over 99% effective at preventing pregnancy.
What happens if you are on the Depo-shot too long?
Using Depo-Provera® beyond 2 years can lead to progressive bone mineral density loss, which may only partially be regained after stopping. Other potential long-term effects include:
- Delayed return to fertility
- Persistent irregular bleeding or absence of periods
- Weight gain averaging 5–10 pounds
- Increased fracture risk later in life
- Possible mood changes or depression
Can you be on Depo for 5 years?
Technically, it’s possible to stay on Depo-Provera® for 5 years, but long-term use is not recommended due to significant bone density loss. Most healthcare providers suggest switching to another birth control method after 2 years to protect bone health—especially in younger women whose bones are still developing.
Can Depo cause infertility?
Depo-Provera® does not cause permanent infertility. However, fertility return is slower than with other birth control methods. Most women regain fertility within 12–18 months after their last injection, though some may take up to 2 years. The delay happens because the medication takes time to leave your system completely.
Why does long-term Depo use affect bone density?
Depo-Provera® suppresses estrogen production, which is essential for maintaining healthy bones. Without enough estrogen, bones lose calcium and become less dense—similar to changes that occur during menopause. Bone loss is most rapid during the first 2 years of use and continues at a slower rate with ongoing injections.
Can Depo cause leg pain?
Leg pain is not a common side effect of Depo-Provera®. Some women may notice mild muscle cramps or bone discomfort due to calcium loss.
Severe or sudden leg pain, especially with swelling or warmth, requires immediate medical attention, as this could indicate a blood clot—though this is rare with progestin-only contraceptives.
How can I reduce Depo side effects?
Managing Depo-Provera® side effects often involves lifestyle adjustments and sometimes medical interventions:
- Take calcium (600 mg twice a day) and vitamin D (800–1,000 IU) daily
- Do weight-bearing exercises like walking or strength training
- Eat a diet rich in calcium-containing foods
- Consider shorter-term use or alternative contraceptives
- Discuss bone density testing with your provider
- Monitor weight and adjust diet or exercise as needed
Managing Depo side effects long-term
If you’re experiencing side effects from long-term Depo-Provera® use or are concerned about what happens if you take it for more than 2 years, adjusting your birth control routine can help manage and potentially reverse many effects.
Monitoring your bone health with a specialist is important, and Nurx providers can guide you in safely continuing Depo-Provera® or help you explore alternative contraceptive options that suit your lifestyle. You’ll receive personalized support to maintain effective contraception while protecting your overall health.
The information provided is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. You should not rely upon this content for medical advice. If you have any questions or concerns, please talk to a medical professional.
Services not offered in every state. Medications prescribed only if clinically appropriate, based on completion of the required consultation. Individual results may vary.
Depo-SubQ Provera 104® (medroxyprogesterone acetate injectable suspension, 104mg/0.65mL for subcutaneous use), Rx only, is used as contraception to prevent pregnancy. This drug may cause side effects, including dysfunctional uterine bleeding (irregular, increase, decrease, spotting), headache, and weight gain. Meningiomas have been reported after repeated administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate, primarily with long-term use. Patients using this form of birth control should be monitored for signs and symptoms of meningioma, and treatment should be discontinued if a meningioma is diagnosed. If you would like to learn more, see full prescribing information, here. Depo-SubQ Provera 104® may be prescribed by a Nurx affiliated provider but is not fulfilled through a Nurx pharmacy.